Chapter 23 Tobacco, alcohol and illicit drugs

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A study from the Mayo Clinic of alcoholics showed that tobacco-related causes of

death accounted for 50.9% of the deaths, and alcohol-related conditions accounted

for 34%. Many of the patients conquered their alcoholism, only to die of nicotine

dependence. 75% of the alcoholics were smokers, and at 20 years, their observed

overall mortality was 48% versus an expected 18.5%.

JAMA, April 10, 1996, p. 1097

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Alcohol consumption has an enormous synergetic effect on the risk for developing

esophageal cancer among cigarette smokers.

Cigarettes, p. xiii

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Cocaine addicts in treatment tend to find cigarettes harder to give up than cocaine.

JAMA, February 10, 1989, p. 898

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A lower fraction of smokers even than of heroin addicts have successfully quit.

JAMA, September 25, 1996, p. 998

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The medical costs of treating alcohol abuse are about $40 billion per year, while

smoking costs an estimated $75 to $80 billion.

Washington Post, December 3, 1996, p. 6 (Health Section)

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Thursday, July 06, 2000

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