Chapter 26 Tobacco and the military

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Tobacco and the military: Historical

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The superintendent of the Naval Academy at Annapolis, Commodore Parker, in 1879

lifted a regulation that had barred the use of tobacco by midshipmen.

Tobacco Advertising, p. 16

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In 1898, Surgeon General Rixey of the U.S. Navy expressed alarm at the increased

cigarette smoking by sailors during the Spanish-American War. He threatened to ban

cigarettes aboard ships, but backed down in the face of a possible mutiny.

Tobacco Advertising, p. 115

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In 1900, cigarettes were banned in the U.S. Navy at the same time that the cigar was

widely accepted. The cigarette was regarded as "a debasement of manhood."

Advertising, the Uneasy Persuasion, p. 184

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During the first and second World Wars, tobacco companies gave away billions of

free cigarettes to the troops. This practice coincided with the most rapid increases in

overall smoking prevalence and in cigarette sales at any time in the United States.

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General John J. Pershing, Commander of American forces in France in 1918, cabled

Washington D.C.: "Tobacco is as indispensable as the daily ration: we must have

thousands of tons of it without delay. It is essential for the defense of democracy." On

another occasion he was quoted: "You ask me what we need to win this war. I

answer tobacco as much as bullets."

Cigarettes, p. 40 and Advertising, p 186

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Thursday, July 06, 2000

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