Chapter 7 Lung cancer

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19,000 of the 160,000 annual lung cancer deaths in the United States result from a

combination of smoking and exposure to radon gas.

Washington Post, September 16, 1998, p. A3

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Radon gas was first recognized as a cause of lung cancer in miners in Germany

before Hitler came to power, and the relationship between asbestos and lung cancer

was similarly recognized there in 1943. "German researchers were the first to

establish - beyond clinical anecdote - the casual link between smoking and lung

cancer. Two studies, one published in 1939, the other in 1943, compared the smoking

habits of people with lung cancer and those without it. Although there are some

methodological complaints about each, the studies nevertheless convincingly showed

a strong and 'dose-dependent' link between the habit and the disease. American and

British researchers didn't prove the same connection until after the war. Outside the

academic world, smoking came under withering attack by Nazi officialdom. The

hazards of smoking were taught in elementary schools. Posters and propaganda

decried the economic drain of smoking... Starting in 1938, smoking was banned in

many official offices and hospitals. Smoke-free restaurants opened. Sixty cities

banned smoking on streetcars in 1941. That same year, regulations took hold banning

tobacco advertisements 'that create the impression that smoking is a sign of

masculinity,' as were all advertisements targeting women.

Washington Post National Weekly Edition, August 9, 1999 p. 32 (from the book

The Nazi War on Cancer, Robert N. Proctor, Princeton University Press, 1999)

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In 1998 in the United States, there were 178,000 new lung cancer cases and 160,000

deaths from lung cancer.

Newsweek, July 19, 1999, p. 59

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Thursday, July 06, 2000

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